Surface treatment is a process to form a surface layer on the surface of the base material that is different from the mechanical, physical, and chemical properties of the base. The purpose of surface treatment is to meet the product's corrosion resistance, wear resistance, decoration, or other special functional requirements. Common surface treatment methods are:
Polished
Polishing refers to the use of mechanical, chemical, or electrochemical effects to reduce the surface roughness of the workpiece to obtain a bright and smooth surface. Polishing tools and abrasive particles or other polishing media are used to modify the surface of the workpiece. Polishing cannot improve the dimensional accuracy or geometric accuracy of the workpiece. It is for the purpose of obtaining a smooth surface or mirror gloss. Sometimes it is also used to eliminate gloss (matting). ).
Sandblasting
The process of using the impact of high-speed sand flow to clean and roughen the surface of the substrate. Compressed air is used as power to form a high-speed jet beam to spray the spray material (copper ore, quartz sand, emery sand, iron sand, Hainan sand) at high speed to the surface of the workpiece to be treated, so that the appearance or shape of the outer surface of the workpiece surface is changed, Due to the impact and cutting action of the abrasive on the surface of the workpiece, the surface of the workpiece can obtain a certain degree of cleanliness and different roughness, so that the mechanical properties of the workpiece surface are improved, thus improving the fatigue resistance of the workpiece, and increasing its and coating The adhesion between the layers extends the durability of the coating film, and is also conducive to the leveling and decoration of the coating.
Wire drawing
It is a surface treatment method that forms lines on the surface of the workpiece by grinding products to achieve a decorative effect. According to the different lines after drawing, it can be divided into straight drawing, chaotic drawing, corrugation, and swirling. The surface drawing treatment is a surface treatment method that forms lines on the surface of the workpiece by grinding the product to achieve a decorative effect. Because the surface drawing process can reflect the texture of metal materials, it has been favored by more and more users and is more and more widely used.
Anodizing
An electrolytic oxidation process in which the surface of aluminum and aluminum alloys is usually transformed into an oxide film, which has protective, decorative, and other functional properties. The anodization of aluminum starting from this definition includes only the part of the process of generating anodized film. A metal or alloy product is used as an anode, and an oxide film is formed on the surface by electrolysis. The metal oxide film changes the surface state and properties, such as surface coloring, improving corrosion resistance, enhancing wear resistance and hardness, and protecting metal surfaces.
Electrophoresis
The process is divided into anodic electrophoresis and cathodic electrophoresis. If the coating particles are negatively charged, the workpiece is the anode, and the coating particles deposited on the workpiece under the action of the electric field force is called anodic electrophoresis; on the contrary, if the coating particles are positively charged, the workpiece is the cathode, and the coating particles deposited on the workpiece to form a film is called anodic electrophoresis. Cathodic electrophoresis.
PVD coating
PVD is the abbreviation of Physical Vapor Deposition in English. It refers to the use of low-voltage and high-current arc discharge technology under vacuum conditions to evaporate the target material and ionize the vaporized substance and gas. Using the acceleration of the electric field, the evaporated substance and its reaction products are deposited on the workpiece. The physical vapor deposition technology has a simple process, improves the environment, has no pollution, fewer consumables, uniform and dense film formation, and strong bonding force with the substrate. This technology is widely used in aerospace, electronics, optics, machinery, construction, light industry, metallurgy, materials, and other fields. Superconducting and other characteristics of the film.
Plating
The process of plating a thin layer of other metals or alloys on the surface of some metals using the principle of electrolysis is a process of using electrolysis to attach a layer of the metal film to the surface of a metal or other material to prevent metal oxidation (such as corrosion). ) To improve wear resistance, electrical conductivity, reflectivity, corrosion resistance (copper sulfate, etc.) and enhance aesthetics. The outer layer of many coins is also electroplated.
Etching
Generally referred to as etching is also called photochemical etching, which refers to the removal of the protective film of the area to be etched after exposure, plate making and development, and contact with chemical solutions during etching to achieve the effect of dissolving and corroding, forming unevenness or hollowing out.
Spraying
Spraying is a coating method in which a spray gun or dish atomizer is used to disperse into uniform and fine droplets by means of pressure or the centrifugal force and apply to the surface of the object to be coated. It can be divided into air spraying, airless spraying, electrostatic spraying, and various derivative methods of the above basic spraying forms, such as large flow and low pressure atomized spraying, thermal spraying, automatic spraying, multi-group spraying, etc. The spraying operation has high production efficiency and is suitable for manual operation and industrial automation production. It has a wide range of applications, mainly in the fields of hardware, plastics, furniture, military industry, and ships. It is the most commonly used surface treatment method today.
Laser carving
Also called laser engraving or laser marking, it is a process of surface treatment using optical principles. The high-intensity focused laser beam emitted by a laser is used at the focal point to oxidize the material and process it. The effect of marking is through the surface material The evaporation reveals deep-seated substances, either by light energy causing chemical and physical changes on the surface substance, or by burning part of the substance by light energy, and "carving" traces, or by burning off part of the substance by light energy, showing The graphics and text to be etched